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Eczema
Eczema is also called as dermatitis. It is an inflammation of the skin. There are several different types of eczema or dermatitis as follows:
Atopic dermatitis :
This type usually develops in childhood and may last into adulthood, although an adult can develop atopic dermatitis without a previous history of it.
Some people with atopic dermatitis have a greater chance of having hay fever or asthma than other people.
In babies, atopic dermatitis takes the form of a rash around the mouth and cheeks. Rashes may appear behind the knees, in the creases of the elbows, and on the neck in older children.
In atopic dermatitis, the skin is extremely itchy and usually dry.
Contact dermatitis :
This results from an allergy or exposure to an irritant. When the skin touches something to which it is allergic or that it finds irritating, it becomes itchy and red. Common types of contact dermatitis include diaper rash and poison ivy.
Allergic reactions can be caused by hair dyes, jewelry containing nickel, and some rubber compounds. Irritant contact dermatitis by repeated use of soaps. detergents.
Itch-scratch-itch cycle :
This develops when an itchy area is scratched or rubbed repeatedly. The skin becomes harder and annoyingly itchy. Scratching makes this worse. It may be the itch-scratch-itch cycle.
Seborrheic dermatitis :
This is red, flaky, slightly itchy skin on an adult’s scalp and face. The area from the side of the nose to the corner of the mouth may be affected, scalp and eyebrows.
The following are the signs that needs care :
Sores are crusting or weeping or itching is very bad.
Rash appears infected.
Self-care is not providing relief after 2 weeks.
Dermatitis responds promptly to self-care.
Self Care :
Wash the skin gently in cool or warm water, not hot, and don’t bathe bathe too often have dry skin.
Use mild unscented soaps moisturize skin with bath oil or shower.
Keep nails short to reduce damage to the skin by scratching.
Dress lightly and wear soft, nonscratchy clothes.
Apply a cold compress for of itching.
Apply overthe-counter 1 percent hydro cortisone creams to relieve itching.
Protect the skin from contact with harsh chemicals and substances to allergic; use latex gloves and clothing,if possible.
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